Bond Yield Calculator

Bond Yield: A Guide to Returns from Fixed-Income Investments

Bond yield represents the return an investor earns on a bond investment. It plays a crucial role in evaluating the profitability of fixed-income securities by reflecting interest payments relative to the bond’s price.

Key Inputs Explained

Current Price (₹):- This is the bond’s current market value, which may differ from its face (par) value due to market conditions, interest rate changes, or the issuer’s credit rating.

Par Value (₹):- Also known as the face value, this is the amount the bond issuer will repay at maturity—typically ₹1,000.

Coupon Rate (%):- The fixed annual interest the bond pays, based on its par value. For instance, a 5% coupon on a ₹1,000 bond means ₹50 interest per year.

Years to Maturity:- The number of years left until the bond matures and the par value is repaid. It impacts both the bond’s yield and its sensitivity to interest rate fluctuations.

Current Yield (%):- This shows the bond’s annual income as a percentage of its current market price. It’s calculated as:
Current Yield = (Annual Coupon Payment ÷ Current Price) × 100
While useful, it doesn’t consider capital gains or losses if the bond is held to maturity.

Yield to Maturity (YTM) (%):- YTM estimates the total return if the bond is held until it matures. It accounts for the purchase price, all coupon payments, and the difference between the purchase price and par value. It’s calculated as the rate that equates the bond’s current price with the present value of its future cash flows.

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